Modernism is a comprehensive movement which began in the closing years of the 19th century and has had a wide influence internationally during much of the 20^th century. So first emerging generally question that what is modernism? Where there begin first? Why is modernism important of literature? etc. There various question or thought arising our mind. So I think first let us discuses definition of modernism.

Definition of Modernism:

Modernism is a literary and cultural international movement which flourished in the first decades of the 20th century. Modernism is not a term to whicha single meaning can be ascribed. It may be applied both to the content and to the form of a work, or to either in isolation. It reflects a sense of cultural crisis which was both exciting and disquieting, in that it opened up a whole new vista of human possibilities at the same time as putting into question any previously accepted means of grounding and evaluating new ideas. Modernism is marked by experimentation, particularly manipulation of form, and by the realization that knowledge is not absolute.

Here most important things is cultural movement or humane relations connected to thought to represent many of creations.some point out important is modernism movement.

Ø Modernism is a comprehensive movement which began in the closing years of the 19^th century and has had a wide influence internationally during much of the 20^th century.

Ø Reveals breaking away from established rules, traditions and conventions, fresh ways of looking at man’s position and function in the universe and many experiments in form and style.

Ø It is particularly concerned with language and how to use it and with writing itself.

Ø style or movement in the arts that aims to break with classical and traditional forms”

When we are understood modernism that know for history is chief features of in those time. Usually when modernism history seen that many year confusion that what a really start them? So first we saw how to start this age and become to develop in world history.

History:

Ø First time period of this age approximately 1890-1950.

ØSome Poets started before 1890 in the post –Romantic period.

ØSome poets continued writing major work after world war -2

ØFocused in Europe and north America.

ØThe roots of Modernism emerged in the middle of the nineteenth century; and rather locally, in France, in literature and painting.

ØMany Major element are important in modernism but word war -2 reactions is more effectively.

In that two image about very vital role of history name was Fascism and Nazism. Fascism emerged country of Italia. Here most important element is Russian revolution (1917). Germany was is become went also important role of world war –II ;or world war –II is a huge role of influence of literature writer or thinker of writing or reader.so we give need to know some part of world war-II.

Ø In the 1890s, a strand of thinking began to assert that it was necessary to push aside previous norms entirely, instead of simply revising past knowledge in light of current techniques.

Ø It was argued that, if the nature of reality itself was in question, and if restrictions which had been in place around human activity were falling, then art, too, would have to radically change.

ØThus, in the first 15 years of the twentieth century a series of writers, thinkers, and artists made the break with traditional means of organizing literature, painting, and music.

Modernism some important key of year needs to remember is very useful to knowing to history or exact time of literary writer write. I have put one image as like:

General characteristics of the Age:

Poetry:

In this field poetry was recollected many item to represent human relation or thinking of God ,Nature, Social issue, or many other thinks Here I would like share image about Prominent modern poets or they for remember

Symbolism: Symbolism in France began as a reaction against Naturalism and Realism, movements which attempted to objectively capture reality. The practice of representing things by means of symbols or of attributing symbolic meaning to objects, events or relationships.During the 20^th century the use of symbolism became a major force in British literature. T. S. Eliot adapted it in the development of his individual style and praised it in his criticism.The most outstanding development of symbolism was in the art of the novel.

IMPRESSIONISM: The term ‘Impressionism’ comes from the school of mid- nineteenth century French painting. The impressionists made the act of perception the key for the understanding of structure of reality. They developed a technique by which objects were not seen as solids but as fragments of color which the spectator’s eye unified.It is representation of reality through impressions. I have put in image how are reflect this art with thought.

SURREALISM: A 20th century aesthetic, artisticn and cultural movement developed in France that attempts to express the workings of sub-conscious mind.They focused upon using all forms of art as a means to express the real functioning of human mind.

EXISTENTIALISM: It is a concept that became popular during the Second World War in France. Existentialists believe that life is very difficult and that it doesn't have an "objective" or universally known value, but that the individual must create value by affirming it and living it, not by talking about it.

Experimentation:

Modernist writers broke free of old forms and techniques. Poets abandoned traditional rhyme schemes and wrote in free verse. Novelists defied all expectations. Writers mixed images from the past with modern languages and themes, creating a collage of styles. The inner workings of consciousness were a common subject for modernists. This preoccupation led to a form of narration called stream of consciousness, where the point of view of the novel meanders in a pattern resembling human thought. Authors James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, along with poets T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound are well known for their experimental Modernist works.

Longingness:

Longingness is at the root of modern literature. Modem poets express longingness of all kind in their poetry. Rupert Brooke’s Old vicarage is a cry of homesickness. John Masefield’s Seekers is the best example of the longing of man for God and the eternal city of light. The longingness is also evident in The Hollow men and The Waste Land of T. S. Eliot.

CONCLUSION:

The modern literature is different from other literature, it has come out of cruelty and bloodsheds, and it questions the existence of Humans and God too. It presents human life as it is. Modern literature is the true criticism of life.